Ⅰ.Text interpretation文本分析
(1)[What] 主题意义和主要内容
本书为科普说明文,课标话题为“人与自然”。本书主要介绍了不同性的动物——食肉动物、食草动物、杂食动物牙齿的结构、特点及功能,并展示了一些典型动物的牙齿构造图。食肉动物的牙齿类别主要为尖锐锋利的犬齿和锯齿状的后牙,用于撕裂肉类、碾碎骨头;食草动物的牙齿类别主要为宽大的门齿(切牙),用于像菜刀一样切断草类,坚硬的臼齿用于磨碎草类;杂食动物的牙齿类别为坚硬的门齿,用于切断草类,锯齿状的臼齿,用于磨碎肉类。动物的牙齿除了进食的功能,还有一些别的功能,如长长的獠牙可用来挖取食物、击退敌人、撕裂树皮、搬运东西等,鳄鱼的牙齿可用来运载鳄鱼宝宝。本书还介绍了没有牙齿的动物的进食方法,如青蛙使用舌头捕食后将昆虫整个吞下;鸟类使用喙和嗉囊,吞下小石子辅助磨碎食物;长须鲸使用鲸须板捕食;食蚁兽使用舌头捕食后生吞食物。
(2)[Why] 写作意图
作者通过举例的说明方法,让读者了解了不同食性的典型动物牙齿的结构、特点及功能,表明动物牙齿的特点与其生活习性息息相关,从而揭示了“适者生存”这一基本自然法则。
(3)[How] 文体结构和语言修辞
本文为说明文体裁,包括2个部分,为总分的结构。第一部分:总体介绍了不同动物有不同牙齿的原因,还提到了部分动物没有牙齿。第二部分:有牙齿的动物及没有牙齿的的动物。其中,有牙齿的动物又分为食肉动物、食草动物及杂食动物,牙齿的功能又分为进食及其他功能。
作者使用一般现在时介绍了动物牙齿的结构、特点及功能以及没有牙齿的动物的进食方法,通过举例、阐释、配图的方法让读者易于理解。
与话题相关的词汇及短语:表示动物类别的名词carnivore, herbivore, omnivore;表示牙齿特点的形容词sharp, jagged, strong, large; 表示牙齿类别的名词canine, fang, incisor, molar;表示牙齿功能的动词:tear, crush, bite off, grind. 没有牙齿的动物使用的身体部位的名词:tongue, beak, crop, baleen.
Ⅱ.Teaching & Learning objectives教学目标
本节课学完后,学生应能够:
1. 提取不同食性动物牙齿的基本信息,总结归纳各类牙齿的名称、特点及功能,了解没有牙齿的动物的进食方式;学习相关词汇及短语,了解说明文的语言特点及写作手法;
2. 内化应用,学会判断不同动物的牙齿种类,能说出其牙齿的特点及功能;
3. 感悟作品主题意义,明确“适者生存”的自然法则;
4. 联系生活实际,升华情感思想:人类不能随意损害动物的牙齿,破坏生态平衡;人类也需适应“适者生存”的原则。
Ⅲ.Teaching procedures教学步骤
教学目标 |
教学活动及互动方式 |
设计意图 |
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1. 用英文视频导入话题,有效激发学生的学习兴趣。 |
Activity 1 导入话题,激发兴趣 Step 1 Enjoy a short video and answer the questions: 1. Why does the turtle need help? 2. What does the shark use its teeth to do? 3. Compare the sharks’ teeth with humans’ teeth. What are the sharks’ teeth like? |
利用视频导入话题,激发学生学习兴趣,打开话题。 |
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2.提取不同食性动物牙齿的基本信息,总结归纳各类牙齿的名称、特点及功能,了解没有牙齿的动物的进食方式;学习相关词汇及短语,了解说明文的语言特点。
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Step 2 Look at the pictures of different kinds of animal teeth and the food chain, answer the questions: 1. Why do different animals have different kinds of teeth? 2. What do different animals eat in the food chain? What are the animals called? 3. Pay attention to the word-formation——the meaning of the suffix “vore”. |
激活学生关于动物牙齿不同成因及食物链的背景知识。 |
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Activity 2 阅读文本,梳理信息,归纳总结 采用CLIL(content and language integrated learning)教学模式,学生阅读全书,回答问题,分享答案,总结归纳各类牙齿的名称、特点及功能,了解没有牙齿的动物的进食方式;同时,在教师的帮助下,利用语境和图片、视频等猜测和学习相关生词及短语。 Step 1 Show pictures, read the text and find out information about carnivores’ teeth. 1. Show the pictures of lions’ teeth, tigers’ teeth and wolves’ teeth, compare them with humans’ teeth. Questions: What are the teeth like? What kinds of animals are they? 2. Read page 4 and find out:What are their front teeth like? What are the teeth called? What are the teeth used for? What about the back teeth? Use pictures and a short video to help students understand. 3. Use the fish-bone diagram to summarize carnivores’ teeth. Step 2 Show pictures, read the text and find out information about herbivores’ teeth. 1. Show the pictures of rabbits’ teeth, beavers’ teeth and zebras’ teeth, compare them with humans’ teeth. Questions: What are the teeth like? What kinds of animals are they? 2. Read page 8 and find out the characteristics, names and functions of herbivores’ teeth. 3. Read page 11 and learn about the ruminants. Step 3 Show pictures, read the text and find out information about omnivores’ teeth. Show the picture of chimpanzees’ teeth, compare it with humans’ teeth. Work in pairs, read page 12, ask and answer: What kind of teeth do they have? What are the teeth used for? Step 4 Read page 14, find out the ways of different kinds of animals to chew food. 1. Read and find out the answer. 2. Act out the ways to chew food. Step 5 Match the animals with the pictures of their teeth. 1. Review the characteristics of different kinds of teeth. 2. Pay attention to the words used to describe the characteristics, names and functions and the part of speech(nouns, adjectives and verbs). 3. Summarize the language characteristics of expository writing: simple and accurate. Step 6 Read page 15-17, finish the form.
Step 7 Read page 18-19, find out the functions of crocodile teeth. 1. Show pictures of a crocodile and an alligator, tell the difference. 2. Find out the meaning of “deadly” and “gentle” and the function of crocodile teeth. Step 8 Thinking 1. What do you think of animals’ teeth? 2. What should we do and what shouldn’t we do to protect animals’ teeth? Step 9 Read page 20-23, find out how animals with no teeth eat food. |
1. 引导学生关注构词法的使用。 2.引导学生提取不同食性动物牙齿的基本信息, 使用鱼骨图、信息整理图等形式分类归纳。 3.引导学生关注目标语言,关注不同词性的语用功能,了解说明文的语言特点:简明准确。 4. 通过师生活动、生生活动总结归纳各类牙齿的名称、特点及功能,了解没有牙齿的动物的进食方式。 5. 明确动物牙齿的重要性,思考该做些什么以及不做什么来保护动物牙齿,德育渗透。 |
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3. 基于小组活动,进一步梳理和整合文本信息,内化应用,学会判断不同动物为了生存需要怎样的牙齿,进而帮助动物设计合适的牙齿并能说出其牙齿的特点、名称及功能。 |
Activity 3 小组活动,内化信息 Group work: Design suitable teeth. The animal shelter has received three animals without teeth. Suppose you are dentists, work in groups of four, design suitable teeth for the animals. Tell the characteristics, names and functions of the teeth.
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1.检测学生是否能判断不同食性的动物并帮助其设计合适的牙齿; 2.帮助学生内化信息,输出目标语言,应用所学内容。 |
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4. 感悟本书的主题意义,联系生活实际,升华情感思想,将阅读中的所得所悟表达出来。
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Activity 4 总结思考,深入探究 Step 1 Type of writing and expository ways 1. What type of writing is the book? 2. What is the topic sentence of the book? 3. How does the writer support this statement? Step 2 Further thinking 1. What are animals’ teeth related to? 2. What does the writer want to tell us?
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1.激发学生对作品主题的感悟; 2.鼓励学生表达个人观点。 |
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Homework Search the Internet for more information about animals’ teeth. |
鼓励学生继续探索阅读相关信息。 |
Ⅳ. Blackboard designing板书设计